Publications

@article{Barry2024,

title = {Helminth exposure and immune response to the two-dose heterologous Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo Ebola vaccine regimen},

author = {Houreratou Barry and Edouard Lhomme and Mathieu Sur\'{e}naud and Moumini Nouctara and Cynthia Robinson and Viki Bockstal and Innocent Valea and Serge Somda and Halidou Tinto and Nicolas Meda and Brian Greenwood and Rodolphe Thi\'{e}baut and Christine Lacabaratz},

url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38603720/},

doi = {10.1371/JOURNAL.PNTD.0011500},

issn = {1935-2735},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {PLoS neglected tropical diseases},

volume = {18},

issue = {4},

publisher = {PLoS Negl Trop Dis},

abstract = {Background The exposure to parasites may influence the immune response to vaccines in endemic African countries. In this study, we aimed to assess the association between helminth exposure to the most prevalent parasitic infections, schistosomiasis, soil transmitted helminths infection and filariasis, and the Ebola virus glycoprotein (EBOV GP) antibody concentration in response to vaccination with the Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo vaccine regimen in African and European participants using samples obtained from three international clinical trials. Methods/Principal findings We conducted a study in a subset of participants in the EBL2001, EBL2002 and EBL3001 clinical trials that evaluated the Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo vaccine regimen against EVD in children, adolescents and adults from the United Kingdom, France, Burkina Faso, Cote d’Ivoire, Kenya, Uganda and Sierra Leone. Immune markers of helminth exposure at baseline were evaluated by ELISA with three commercial kits which detect IgG antibodies against schistosome, filarial and Strongyloides antigens. Luminex technology was used to measure inflammatory and activation markers, and Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines at baseline. The association between binding IgG antibodies specific to EBOV GP (measured on day 21 post-dose 2 and on Day 365 after the first dose respectively), and helminth exposure at baseline was evaluated using a multivariable linear regression model adjusted for age and study group. Seventy-eight (21.3%) of the 367 participants included in the study had at least one helminth positive ELISA test at baseline, with differences of prevalence between studies and an increased prevalence with age. The most frequently detected antibodies were those to Schistosoma mansoni (10.9%), followed by Acanthocheilonema viteae (9%) and then Strongyloides ratti (7.9%). Among the 41 immunological analytes tested, five were significantly (p \< .003) lower in participants with at least one positive helminth ELISA test result: CCL2/MCP1, FGFbasic, IL-7, IL-13 and CCL11/Eotaxin compared to participants with negative helminth ELISA tests. No significant association was found with EBOV-GP specific antibody concentration at 21 days post-dose 2, or at 365 days post-dose 1, adjusted for age group, study, and the presence of any helminth antibodies at baseline. Conclusions/Significance No clear association was found between immune markers of helminth exposure as measured by ELISA and post-vaccination response to the Ebola Ad26.ZEBOV/ MVA-BN-Filo vaccine regimen. Trial registration NCT02416453, NCT02564523, NCT02509494. ClinicalTrials.gov.},

keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Africa, Aged, Animals, Antibodies, Child, Christine Lacabaratz, Cytokines / immunology, doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0011500, Ebola Vaccines* / administration \& dosage, Ebola Vaccines* / immunology, Ebola* / immunology, Ebola* / prevention \& control, Ebolavirus / genetics, Ebolavirus / immunology, Edouard Lhomme, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Helminth / blood, Helminthiasis / immunology, Helminthiasis / prevention \& control, Helminths / genetics, Helminths / immunology, Hemorrhagic Fever, Houreratou Barry, Humans, Immunoglobulin G / blood, Male, MEDLINE, Middle Aged, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, NCBI, NIH, NLM, Non-U.S. Gov't, PMC11037528, pmid:38603720, Preschool, PubMed Abstract, Research Support, Viral* / blood, Young Adult},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Soumah2024,

title = {Prevalence of dermal trypanosomes in suspected and confirmed cases of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis in Guinea},

author = {Alseny M’Mah Soumah and Mariame Camara and Justin Windingoudi Kabor\'{e} and Ibrahim Sadissou and Hamidou Ilboudo and Christelle Travaill\'{e} and Oumou Camara and Magali Tichit and Jacques Kabor\'{e} and Salimatou Boiro and Aline Crouzols and Jean Marc Tsagmo Ngoune and David Hardy and A\"{i}ssata Camara and Vincent Jamonneau and Annette Macleod and Jean Mathieu Bart and Mamadou Camara and Bruno Bucheton and Brice Rotureau},

url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39159265/},

doi = {10.1371/JOURNAL.PNTD.0012436},

issn = {1935-2735},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {PLoS neglected tropical diseases},

volume = {18},

issue = {8},

publisher = {PLoS Negl Trop Dis},

abstract = {The skin is an anatomical reservoir for African trypanosomes, yet the prevalence of extravascular parasite carriage in the population at risk of gambiense Human African Trypanosomiasis (gHAT) remains unclear. Here, we conducted a prospective observational cohort study in the HAT foci of Forecariah and Boffa, Republic of Guinea. Of the 18,916 subjects serologically screened for gHAT, 96 were enrolled into our study. At enrolment and follow-up visits, participants underwent a dermatological examination and had blood samples and superficial skin snip biopsies taken for examination by molecular and immuno-histological methods. In seropositive individuals, dermatological symptoms were significantly more frequent as compared to seronegative controls. Trypanosoma brucei DNA was detected in the blood of 67% of confirmed cases (22/33) and 9% of unconfirmed seropositive individuals (3/32). However, parasites were detected in the extravascular dermis of up to 71% of confirmed cases (25/35) and 41% of unconfirmed seropositive individuals (13/32) by PCR and/or immuno-histochemistry. Six to twelve months after treatment, trypanosome detection in the skin dropped to 17% of confirmed cases (5/30), whereas up to 25% of unconfirmed, hence untreated, seropositive individuals (4/16) were still found positive. Dermal trypanosomes were observed in subjects from both transmission foci, however, the occurrence of pruritus and the PCR positivity rates were significantly higher in unconfirmed seropositive individuals in Forecariah. The lower sensitivity of superficial skin snip biopsies appeared critical for detecting trypanosomes in the basal dermis. These results are discussed in the context of the planned elimination of gHAT.},

keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, African* / diagnosis, African* / epidemiology, African* / parasitology, Alseny M'mah Soumah, Brice Rotureau, Child, DNA, doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0012436, Female, Guinea / epidemiology, Humans, Male, Mariame Camara, MEDLINE, Middle Aged, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, NCBI, NIH, NLM, Observational Study, PMC11361743, pmid:39159265, Prevalence, Prospective Studies, Protozoan / genetics, PubMed Abstract, Skin* / parasitology, Skin* / pathology, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense* / isolation \& purification, Trypanosomiasis, Young Adult},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Valia2024,

title = {Antibiotic use by clinical presentation across all healthcare providers in rural Burkina Faso: a healthcare visit exit survey},

author = {Daniel Valia and Brecht Ingelbeen and Gu\'{e}tawend\'{e} Job Wilfried Nassa and B\'{e}renger Kabor\'{e} and Fran\c{c}ois Kiemd\'{e} and Toussaint Rouamba and Ad\'{e}la\"{i}de Compaor\'{e} and Juste St\'{e}phane Kouanda and Annie Robert and Hector Rodriguez-Villalobos and Marianne A B Van Der Sande and Halidou Tinto},

url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39051704/},

doi = {10.1093/JAC/DKAE252},

issn = {1460-2091},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-01-01},

journal = {The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy},

volume = {79},

issue = {10},

publisher = {J Antimicrob Chemother},

abstract = {DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkae252; Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 00, 0, 2024-07-25.; Abstract: Background: To guide antibiotic stewardship interventions, understanding for what indications antibiotics are used is essential. Methods: In rural Burkina Faso, we measured antibiotic dispensing across all healthcare providers. From October 2021 to February 2022, we surveyed patients in Nanoro district, Burkina Faso, following visits to health centres (3), pharmacies (2), informal medicine vendors (5) and inpatients in health centres. We estimated prevalence of antibiotic use and the proportion of Watch group antibiotics by provider type and by clinical presentation, assessing compliance with WHO’s AWaRe Antibiotic Book. We estimated per capita antibiotic use by multiplying prevalence of antibiotic use, mean DDD per adult treatment course, and the rate of healthcare visits per 1000 inhabitants per day, estimated from a prior household survey. Results: Outpatient antibiotic use was more fre},

keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Anti-Bacterial Agents* / therapeutic use, Antimicrobial Stewardship* / statistics \& numerical data, Brecht Ingelbeen, Burkina Faso, Daniel Valia, doi:10.1093/jac/dkae252, Drug Utilization / statistics \& numerical data, Female, Halidou Tinto, Health Personnel* / statistics \& numerical data, Humans, Male, MEDLINE, Middle Aged, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, NCBI, NIH, NLM, PMC11441991, pmid:39051704, PubMed Abstract, Rural Population* / statistics \& numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Micklesfield2023,

title = {Identifying the prevalence and correlates of multimorbidity in middle-aged men and women: a cross-sectional population-based study in four African countries},

author = {Lisa K. Micklesfield and Richard Munthali and Godfred Agongo and Gershim Asiki and Palwende Boua and Solomon S. R. Choma and Nigel J. Crowther and June Fabian and Francesc Xavier G\'{o}mez-Oliv\'{e} and Chodziwadziwa Kabudula and Eric Maimela and Shukri F. Mohamed and Engelbert A. Nonterah and Frederick J. Raal and Hermann Sorgho and Furahini D. Tluway and Alisha N. Wade and Shane A. Norris and Michele Ramsay},

url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36918238/},

doi = {10.1136/BMJOPEN-2022-067788},

issn = {2044-6055},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {BMJ open},

volume = {13},

issue = {3},

publisher = {BMJ Open},

abstract = {Objectives To determine the prevalence of multimorbidity, to identify which chronic conditions cluster together and to identify factors associated with a greater risk for multimorbidity in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Design Cross-sectional, multicentre, population-based study. Setting Six urban and rural communities in four sub-Saharan African countries. Participants Men (n=4808) and women (n=5892) between the ages of 40 and 60 years from the AWI-Gen study. Measures Sociodemographic and anthropometric data, and multimorbidity as defined by the presence of two or more of the following conditions: HIV infection, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, asthma, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, hypertension. Results Multimorbidity prevalence was higher in women compared with men (47.2% vs 35%), and higher in South African men and women compared with their East and West African counterparts. The most common disease combination at all sites was dyslipidaemia and hypertension, with this combination being more prevalent in South African women than any single disease (25% vs 21.6%). Age and body mass index were associated with a higher risk of multimorbidity in men and women; however, lifestyle correlates such as smoking and physical activity were different between the sexes. Conclusions The high prevalence of multimorbidity in middle-aged adults in SSA is of concern, with women currently at higher risk. This prevalence is expected to increase in men, as well as in the East and West African region with the ongoing epidemiological transition. Identifying common disease clusters and correlates of multimorbidity is critical to providing effective interventions.},

keywords = {{Adult, Africa South of the Sahara / epidemiology, CollabAuthor(name='as members of AWI-Gen and the H3Africa Consortium', Cross-Sectional Studies, Dyslipidemias* / epidemiology, Extramural, Female, HIV Infections*, Humans, Hypertension* / epidemiology, Lisa K Micklesfield, Male, MEDLINE, Middle Aged, Multimorbidity, N.I.H., National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, NCBI, NIH, NLM, Non-U.S. Gov't, PMC10016250, Prevalence, PubMed Abstract, Research Support, Richard Munthali, Risk Factors, Sex Factors},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Wade2023,

title = {Diabetes care cascade and associated factors in 10 700 middle-aged adults in four sub-Saharan African countries: a cross-sectional study},

author = {Alisha N. Wade and Innocent Maposa and Godfred Agongo and Gershim Asiki and Palwende Boua and Solomon S. R. Choma and F. Xavier G\'{o}mez-Oliv\'{e} and Eric Maimela and Lisa K. Micklesfield and Shukri F. Mohamed and Engelbert A. Nonterah and Shane A. Norris and Hermann Sorgho and Michele Ramsay and Nigel J. Crowther},

url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37105688/},

doi = {10.1136/BMJOPEN-2022-069193},

issn = {2044-6055},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {BMJ open},

volume = {13},

issue = {4},

publisher = {BMJ Open},

abstract = {Objectives We investigated progression through the care cascade and associated factors for people with diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa to identify attrition stages that may be most appropriate for targeted intervention. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Community-based study in four sub-Saharan African countries. Participants 10 700 individuals, aged 40-60 years. Primary and secondary outcome measures The primary outcome measure was the diabetes cascade of care defined as the age-adjusted diabetes prevalence (self-report of diabetes, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥7 mmol/L or random plasma glucose ≥11.1 mmol/L) and proportions of those who reported awareness of having diabetes, ever having received treatment for diabetes and those who achieved glycaemic control (FPG \<7.2 mmol/L). Secondary outcome measures were factors associated with having diabetes and being aware of the diagnosis. Results Diabetes prevalence was 5.5% (95% CI 4.4% to 6.5%). Approximately half of those with diabetes were aware (54%; 95% CI 50% to 58%); 73% (95% CI 67% to 79%) of aware individuals reported ever having received treatment. However, only 38% (95% CI 30% to 46%) of those ever having received treatment were adequately controlled. Increasing age (OR 1.1; 95% CI 1.0 to 1.1), urban residence (OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.6 to 3.5), hypertension (OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.5 to 2.4), family history of diabetes (OR 3.9; 95% CI 3.0 to 5.1) and measures of central adiposity were associated with higher odds of having diabetes. Increasing age (OR 1.1; 95% CI 1.0 to 1.1), semi-rural residence (OR 2.5; 95% CI 1.1 to 5.7), secondary education (OR 2.4; 95% CI 1.2 to 4.9), hypertension (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.0 to 2.4) and known HIV positivity (OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.2 to 4.4) were associated with greater likelihood of awareness of having diabetes. Conclusions There is attrition at each stage of the diabetes care cascade in sub-Saharan Africa. Public health strategies should target improving diagnosis in high-risk individuals and intensifying therapy in individuals treated for diabetes.},

keywords = {{Adult, Africa South of the Sahara / epidemiology, Alisha N Wade, Blood Glucose, CollabAuthor(name='AWIGen and the H3Africa Consortium', Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus* / epidemiology, Diabetes Mellitus* / therapy, Extramural, Humans, Hypertension* / epidemiology, Innocent Maposa, MEDLINE, Middle Aged, N.I.H., National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, NCBI, NIH, NLM, PMC10151877, Prevalence, PubMed Abstract, Research Support},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{nokey,

title = {Incidence rate and predictors of COVID-19 in the two largest cities of Burkina Faso - prospective cohort study in 2021 (ANRS-COV13)},

author = {Nongodo Firmin Kabor\'{e} and Samiratou Ou\'{e}draogo and Ariane Kamga Mamguem and Isidore Tiandiogo Traor\'{e} and Dramane Kania and Hermann Badolo and Guillaume Sanou and Amariane Kon\'{e} and Mimbour\'{e} Yara and Th\'{e}r\`{e}se Kagon\'{e} and Esperance Ou\'{e}draogo and Blahima Konat\'{e} and Rachel M\'{e}dah and Nathalie Rekeneire and Armel Poda and Arnaud Eric Diend\'{e}r\'{e} and Boukary Ou\'{e}draogo and Oumar Billa and Gilles Paradis and Tienhan Sandrine Dabakuyo-Yonli and Halidou Tinto},

url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37308819/},

doi = {10.1186/S12879-023-08361-2},

issn = {1471-2334},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {BMC infectious diseases},

volume = {23},

issue = {1},

publisher = {BMC Infect Dis},

abstract = {Background: Early data on COVID-19 (based primarily on PCR testing) indicated a low burden in Sub-Saharan Africa. To better understand this, this study aimed to estimate the incidence rate and identify predictors of SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion in the two largest cities of Burkina Faso. This study is part of the EmulCOVID-19 project (ANRS-COV13). Methods: Our study utilized the WHO Unity protocol for cohort sero-epidemiological studies of COVID-19 in general population. We conducted random sampling stratified by age group and sex. Individuals aged 10 years and older in the cities of Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso were included and surveyed at 4 time points, each 21 days apart, from March 3 to May 15, 2021. WANTAI SARS-CoV-2 Ab ELISA serological tests were used to detect total antibodies (IgM, IgG) in serum. Predictors were investigated using Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: We analyzed the data from 1399 participants (1051 in Ouagadougou, 348 in Bobo-Dioulasso) who were SARS-CoV-2 seronegative at baseline and had at least one follow-up visit. The incidence rate of SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion was 14.3 cases [95%CI 13.3\textendash15.4] per 100 person-weeks. The incidence rate was almost three times higher in Ouagadougou than in Bobo-Dioulasso (Incidence rate ratio: IRR = 2.7 [2.2\textendash3.2], p \< 0.001). The highest incidence rate was reported among women aged 19\textendash59 years in Ouagadougou (22.8 cases [19.6\textendash26.4] per 100 person-weeks) and the lowest among participants aged 60 years and over in Bobo-Dioulasso, 6.3 cases [4.6\textendash8.6] per 100 person-weeks. Multivariable analysis showed that participants aged 19 years and older were almost twice as likely to seroconvert during the study period compared with those aged 10 to 18 years (Hazard ratio: HR = 1.7 [1.3\textendash2.3], p \< 0.001). Those aged 10\textendash18 years exhibited more asymptomatic forms than those aged 19 years and older, among those who achieved seroconversion (72.9% vs. 40.4%, p \< 0.001). Conclusion: The spread of COVID-19 is more rapid in adults and in large cities. Strategies to control this pandemic in Burkina Faso, must take this into account. Adults living in large cities should be the priority targets for vaccination efforts against COVID-19.},

keywords = {Adult, Aged, Burkina Faso, Cities, COVID-19*, doi:10.1186/s12879-023-08361-2, Female, Halidou Tinto, Humans, Incidence, MEDLINE, Middle Aged, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, NCBI, NIH, NLM, Nongodo Firmin Kabor\'{e}, PMC10258776, pmid:37308819, Prospective Studies, PubMed Abstract, Samiratou Ou\'{e}draogo, SARS-Cov-2},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Ouedraogo2023,

title = {The burden of the coronavirus disease 2019 virus infection in Burkina Faso: Results from a World Health Organization UNITY population-based, age-stratified sero-epidemiological investigation},

author = {Samiratou Ouedraogo and Isidore Tiandiogo Traor\'{e} and Dramane Kania and Nongodo Firmin Kabor\'{e} and Ariane Mamguem Kamga and Hermann Badolo and Mimbour\'{e} Yara and Guillaume Sanou and Amariane Kon\'{e} and Samdapawind\'{e} Th\'{e}r\`{e}se Kagon\'{e} and Esperance Ou\'{e}draogo and Blahima Konat\'{e} and Rachel M\'{e}dah and Nathalie Rekeneire and Armel Poda and Arnaud Eric Diendere and Boukary Ou\'{e}draogo and Oumar Billa and Gilles Paradis and Halidou Tinto and Tienhan Sandrine Dabakuyo-Yonli},

url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38019697/},

doi = {10.1111/IRV.13216},

issn = {1750-2659},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-01-01},

journal = {Influenza and other respiratory viruses},

volume = {17},

issue = {11},

publisher = {Influenza Other Respir Viruses},

abstract = {Background: This study aimed to estimate the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence in the general population of Bobo-Dioulasso and Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Methods: We collected from March to April 2021 blood samples from randomly selected residents in both main cities based on the World Health Organization (WHO) sero-epidemiological investigations protocols and tested them with WANTAI SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits intended for qualitative assessment. We also recorded participants' socio-demographic and clinical characteristics and information on exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Data were analysed with descriptive and comparative statistics. Results: We tested 5240 blood samples collected between 03 March and 16 April 2021. The overall test-adjusted seroprevalence for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was (67.8% [95% CI 65.9\textendash70.2]) (N = 3553/3982). Seroprevalence was highest among participants aged 15\textendash18 years old (74.2% [95% CI 70.5\textendash77.5]) (N = 465/627), compared with those aged 10\textendash14 years old (62.6% [95% CI 58.7\textendash66.4]) (N = 395/631), or those over 18 (67.6% [95% CI 66.2\textendash69.1]) (N = 2693/3982). Approximately 71.0% (601/860) of participants aged 10\textendash18 years old who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies experienced no clinical COVID-19 symptoms in the weeks before the survey, compared with 39.3% (1059/2693) among those aged over 18 years old. Conclusion: This study reports the results of the first known large serological survey in the general population of Burkina Faso. It shows high circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in the two cities and a high proportion of asymptomatic adolescents. Further studies are needed to identify the SARS-CoV-2 variants and to elucidate the factors protecting some infected individuals from developing clinical COVID-19.},

keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Antibodies, Burkina Faso / epidemiology, Child, COVID-19* / epidemiology, doi:10.1111/irv.13216, Humans, Isidore Tiandiogo Traor\'{e}, MEDLINE, Middle Aged, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine, NCBI, NIH, NLM, PMC10655778, pmid:38019697, PubMed Abstract, Samiratou Ou\'{e}draogo, SARS-CoV-2*, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Tienhan Sandrine Dabakuyo-Yonli, Viral},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Adoke2021-el,

title = {A randomized, double-blind, phase 2b study to investigate the  efficacy, safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of a  single-dose regimen of ferroquine with artefenomel in adults and  children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria},

author = {Yeka Adoke and Rella Zoleko-Manego and Serge Ouoba and Alfred B Tiono and Grace Kaguthi and Juv^encio Eduardo Bonzela and Tran Thanh Duong and Alain Nahum and Marielle Bouyou-Akotet and Bernhards Ogutu and Alphonse Ouedraogo and Fiona Macintyre and Andreas Jessel and Bart Laurijssens and Mohammed H Cherkaoui-Rbati and Cathy Cantalloube and Anne Claire Marrast and Rapha"el Bejuit and David White and Timothy N C Wells and Florian Wartha and Didier Leroy and Afizi Kibuuka and Ghyslain Mombo-Ngoma and Daouda Ouattara and Ir`ene Mugenya and Bui Quang Phuc and Francis Bohissou and Denise P Mawili-Mboumba and Fredrick Olewe and Issiaka Soulama and Halidou Tinto and FALCI Study Group},

doi = {10.1186/s12936-021-03749-4},

issn = {1475-2875},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-05-19},

urldate = {2021-05-19},

journal = {Malar. J.},

volume = {20},

number = {1},

pages = {222},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: For uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria, 

 highly efficacious single-dose treatments are expected to 

 increase compliance and improve treatment outcomes, and thereby 

 may slow the development of resistance. The efficacy and safety 

 of a single-dose combination of artefenomel (800 mg) plus 

 ferroquine (400/600/900/1200 mg doses) for the treatment of 

 uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria were evaluated in Africa 

 (focusing on children $\leq$ 5 years) and Asia. METHODS: The 

 study was a randomized, double-blind, single-dose, multi-arm 

 clinical trial in patients aged \> 6 months to 5 years and 20 

 Asian patients. None of the treatment arms met the target 

 efficacy criterion for PCR-adjusted ACPR at Day 28 (lower limit 

 of 95% confidence interval [CI] \> 90%). PCR-adjusted ACPR at 

 Day 28 [95% CI] in the PP Set ranged from 78.4% [64.7; 88.7%] 

 to 91.7% [81.6; 97.2%] for the 400 mg to 1200 mg ferroquine 

 dose. Efficacy rates were low in Vietnamese patients, ranging 

 from 20 to 40%. A clear relationship was found between drug 

 exposure (artefenomel and ferroquine concentrations at Day 7) 

 and efficacy (primary endpoint), with higher concentrations of 

 both drugs resulting in higher efficacy. Six distinct kelch-13 

 mutations were detected in parasite isolates from 10/272 African 

 patients (with 2 mutations known to be associated with 

 artemisinin resistance) and 18/20 Asian patients (all C580Y 

 mutation). Vomiting within 6 h of initial artefenomel 

 administration was common (24.6%) and associated with lower 

 drug exposures. CONCLUSION: The efficacy of 

 artefenomel/ferroquine combination was suboptimal in African 

 children aged $\leq$ 5 years, the population of interest, and 

 vomiting most likely had a negative impact on efficacy. Trial 

 registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02497612. Registered 14 Jul 

 2015, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02497612?term=NCT02497612\&draw=2\&rank=1.},

note = {PMID: 34011358 

PMCID: PMC8135182},

keywords = {Adamantane/administration \& dosage/analogs \& derivatives, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aminoquinolines/administration \& dosage, Benin, Burkina Faso, C580Y, Child, Combination treatment, Double-Blind Method, Drug Combinations, Exposure\textendashresponse, Falciparum/prevention \& control, Female, Ferroquine, Ferrous Compounds/administration \& dosage, Gabon, Humans, Infant, Kelch-13 mutation, Kenya, Malaria, Male, Metallocenes/administration \& dosage, Middle Aged, Mozambique, Parasite clearance, Peroxides/administration \& dosage, Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, Plasmodium falciparum/drug effects, Preschool, resistance, Uganda, Vietnam, Vomiting, Young Adult},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Nonterah2021-pc,

title = {Adiposity phenotypes and subclinical atherosclerosis in adults  from sub-Saharan Africa: An H3Africa AWI-gen study},

author = {Engelbert A Nonterah and Michiel L Bots and Abraham Oduro and Godfred Agongo and Cassandra C Soo and Lisa K Micklesfield and Felistas Mashinya and Palwend\'{e} R Boua and Shukri F Mohamed and Alisha N Wade and Catherine Kyobutungi and Halidou Tinto and Shane A Norris and Stephen M Tollman and Mich`ele Ramsay and Diederick E Grobbee and Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch and Nigel J Crowther and AWI-Gen and H3Africa Consortium},

doi = {10.5334/gh.863},

issn = {2211-8179 2211-8160},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-19},

urldate = {2021-03-19},

journal = {Glob. Heart},

volume = {16},

number = {1},

pages = {19},

publisher = {Ubiquity Press, Ltd.},

abstract = {Background: Obesity and adipose tissue distribution contribute 

 to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) by 

 promoting atherosclerosis. This association has been poorly 

 studied in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) despite the rising 

 prevalence of cardiovascular disease. Objectives: We determined 

 the association between various adiposity phenotypes and carotid 

 intima-media thickness (CIMT), a proxy of subclinical 

 atherosclerosis, in a large SSA population. Methods: A 

 population-based cross-sectional study was performed from 

 2013-2016 in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Kenya and South Africa. Body 

 mass index (BMI), waist (WC), hip circumferences (HC), visceral 

 (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) using B-mode 

 ultrasound were measured. Ultrasonography of left and right far 

 wall CIMT of the common carotid artery was used as an indicator 

 of subclinical atherosclerosis. Individual participant data 

 meta-analyses were used to determine the associations between 

 adiposity phenotypes and CIMT in the pooled sample while 

 adjusted multivariable linear regression analyses were used for 

 site specific analyses. Results: Data were obtained from 9,010 

 adults (50.3% women and a mean age of 50$pm$ 6years). Men had 

 higher levels of visceral fat than women while women had higher 

 BMI, waist and hip circumference and subcutaneous fat than men 

 at all sites except Burkina Faso. In the pooled analyses, BMI 

 ($beta$-value [95% CIs]: 19.5 [16.8, 22.3] $mu$m) showed the 

 strongest relationship with CIMT followed by VAT (5.86 [4.65, 

 7.07] $mu$m), SCAT (5.00 [2.85, 7.15] $mu$m), WC (1.27 [1.09, 

 1.44] $mu$m) and HC (1.23 [1.04, 1.42] $mu$m). Stronger 

 associations were observed in men than in women. Conclusion: 

 Obesity within SSA will likely result in higher levels of 

 atherosclerosis and promote the occurrence of cardio- and 

 cerebrovascular events, especially in males, unless addressed 

 through primary prevention of obesity in both rural and urban 

 communities across Africa. The inverse association of VAT with 

 CIMT in Burkina Faso and Ghana requires further investigation. 

 Highlights: All adiposity phenotypes were positively associated 

 with common carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in the entire 

 cohort (pooled analyses).BMI had the strongest association with 

 CIMT compared to other phenotypes.The magnitude of association 

 between adiposity phenotypes and CIMT was higher in men than in 

 women.Subcutaneous adipose tissue was inversely associated with 

 CIMT only in women.An unexpected finding was the inverse 

 association of visceral adipose tissue with CIMT in Burkina Faso 

 and Ghana.},

note = {Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s).

PMID: 33833943 

PMCID: PMC7977036},

keywords = {adiposity, Adult, Body Mass Index, cardiovascular   disease, Carotid intima-media thickness, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Ghana, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, obesity, Obesity/complications/epidemiology, Phenotype, Risk Factors, sub-Saharan Africa, subclinical   atherosclerosis},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}