 | Toussaint Rouamba, Sékou Samadoulougou, Mady Ouédraogo, Hervé Hien, Halidou Tinto, Fati Kirakoya-Samadoulougou Asymptomatic malaria and anaemia among pregnant women during high and low malaria transmission seasons in Burkina Faso: household-based cross-sectional surveys in Burkina Faso, 2013 and 2017 Journal Article In: Malar. J., vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 211, 2021, ISSN: 1475-2875. @article{Rouamba2021-gn,
title = {Asymptomatic malaria and anaemia among pregnant women during high and low malaria transmission seasons in Burkina Faso: household-based cross-sectional surveys in Burkina Faso, 2013 and 2017},
author = {Toussaint Rouamba and S\'{e}kou Samadoulougou and Mady Ou\'{e}draogo and Herv\'{e} Hien and Halidou Tinto and Fati Kirakoya-Samadoulougou},
doi = {10.1186/s12936-021-03703-4},
issn = {1475-2875},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-05-01},
urldate = {2021-05-01},
journal = {Malar. J.},
volume = {20},
number = {1},
pages = {211},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Malaria in endemic countries is often asymptomatic
during pregnancy, but it has substantial consequences for both
the mother and her unborn baby. During pregnancy, anaemia is an
important consequence of malaria infection. In Burkina Faso, the
intensity of malaria varies according to the season, albeit the
prevalence of malaria and anaemia as well as their risk factors,
during high and low malaria transmission seasons is
underexplored at the household level. METHODS: Data of 1751
pregnant women from October 2013 to March 2014 and 1931 pregnant
women from April 2017 to June 2017 were drawn from two
cross-sectional household surveys conducted in 24 health
districts of Burkina Faso. Pregnant women were tested for
malaria in their household after consenting. Asymptomatic
carriage was defined as a positive result from malaria rapid
diagnostic tests in the absence of clinical symptoms of malaria.
Anaemia was defined as haemoglobin level less than 11 g/dL in
the first and third trimester and less than 10.5 g/dL in the
second trimester of pregnancy. RESULTS: Prevalence of
asymptomatic malaria in pregnancy was estimated at 23.9% (95%
CI 20.2-28.0) during the high transmission season
(October-November) in 2013. During the low transmission season,
it was 12.7% (95% CI 10.9-14.7) between December and March in
2013-2014 and halved (6.4%; 95% CI 5.3-7.6) between April and
June 2017. Anaemia prevalence was estimated at 59.4% (95% CI
54.8-63.8) during the high transmission season in 2013. During
the low transmission season, it was 50.6% (95% CI 47.7-53.4)
between December and March 2013-2014 and 65.0% (95% CI
62.8-67.2) between April and June, 2017. CONCLUSION: This study
revealed that the prevalence of malaria asymptomatic carriage
and anaemia among pregnant women at the community level remain
high throughout the year. Thus, more efforts are needed to
increase prevention measures such as IPTp-SP coverage in order
to reduce anaemia and contribute to preventing low birth weight
and poor pregnancy outcomes.},
keywords = {Adult, Anemia/epidemiology/parasitology, Asymptomatic carriage, Asymptomatic Infections/epidemiology, Burkina Faso/epidemiology, Community, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Haemoglobin, Humans, Malaria/epidemiology/parasitology, Parasitic/epidemiology/parasitology, Plasmodium, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Pregnant, Pregnant Women, Prevalence, Young Adult},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
BACKGROUND: Malaria in endemic countries is often asymptomatic
during pregnancy, but it has substantial consequences for both
the mother and her unborn baby. During pregnancy, anaemia is an
important consequence of malaria infection. In Burkina Faso, the
intensity of malaria varies according to the season, albeit the
prevalence of malaria and anaemia as well as their risk factors,
during high and low malaria transmission seasons is
underexplored at the household level. METHODS: Data of 1751
pregnant women from October 2013 to March 2014 and 1931 pregnant
women from April 2017 to June 2017 were drawn from two
cross-sectional household surveys conducted in 24 health
districts of Burkina Faso. Pregnant women were tested for
malaria in their household after consenting. Asymptomatic
carriage was defined as a positive result from malaria rapid
diagnostic tests in the absence of clinical symptoms of malaria.
Anaemia was defined as haemoglobin level less than 11 g/dL in
the first and third trimester and less than 10.5 g/dL in the
second trimester of pregnancy. RESULTS: Prevalence of
asymptomatic malaria in pregnancy was estimated at 23.9% (95%
CI 20.2-28.0) during the high transmission season
(October-November) in 2013. During the low transmission season,
it was 12.7% (95% CI 10.9-14.7) between December and March in
2013-2014 and halved (6.4%; 95% CI 5.3-7.6) between April and
June 2017. Anaemia prevalence was estimated at 59.4% (95% CI
54.8-63.8) during the high transmission season in 2013. During
the low transmission season, it was 50.6% (95% CI 47.7-53.4)
between December and March 2013-2014 and 65.0% (95% CI
62.8-67.2) between April and June, 2017. CONCLUSION: This study
revealed that the prevalence of malaria asymptomatic carriage
and anaemia among pregnant women at the community level remain
high throughout the year. Thus, more efforts are needed to
increase prevention measures such as IPTp-SP coverage in order
to reduce anaemia and contribute to preventing low birth weight
and poor pregnancy outcomes. |
| Paul Sondo, Biebo Bihoun, Marc Christian Tahita, Karim Derra, Toussaint Rouamba, Seydou Nakanabo Diallo, Adama Kazienga, Hamidou Ilboudo, Innocent Valea, Zekiba Tarnagda, Hermann Sorgho, Thierry Lef`evre, Halidou Tinto Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte carriage in symptomatic patients shows significant association with genetically diverse infections, anaemia, and asexual stage density Journal Article In: Malar. J., vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 31, 2021, ISSN: 1475-2875, (PMID: 33413393
PMCID: PMC7791700). @article{Sondo2021-at,
title = {Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte carriage in symptomatic patients shows significant association with genetically diverse infections, anaemia, and asexual stage density},
author = {Paul Sondo and Biebo Bihoun and Marc Christian Tahita and Karim Derra and Toussaint Rouamba and Seydou Nakanabo Diallo and Adama Kazienga and Hamidou Ilboudo and Innocent Valea and Zekiba Tarnagda and Hermann Sorgho and Thierry Lef`evre and Halidou Tinto},
doi = {10.1186/s12936-020-03559-0},
issn = {1475-2875},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-01-07},
urldate = {2021-01-01},
journal = {Malar. J.},
volume = {20},
number = {1},
pages = {31},
publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Multi-genotype malaria infections are frequent in
endemic area, and people commonly harbour several genetically
distinct Plasmodium falciparum variants. The influence of
genetic multiplicity and whether some specific genetic variants
are more or less likely to invest into gametocyte production is
not clearly understood. This study explored host and
parasite-related risk factors for gametocyte carriage, and the
extent to which some specific P. falciparum genetic variants are
associated with gametocyte carriage. METHODS: Gametocytes and
asexual forms were detected by light microscopy on thick smears
collected between 2010 and 2012 in Nanoro, Burkina Faso.
Merozoite surface protein 1 and 2 were genotyped by nested PCR
on clinical samples. Associations between gametocyte carriage
and factors, including multiplicity of infection, parasite
density, patient age, gender, haemoglobin (Hb) level, and body
temperature were assessed. The relationship between the presence
of a particular msp1 and msp2 genetic variants and gametocyte
carriage was also explored. RESULTS: Of the 724 samples positive
to P. falciparum and successfully genotyped, gametocytes were
found in 48 samples (6.63%). There was no effect of patient
gender, age and body temperature on gametocyte carriage.
However, the probability of gametocyte carriage significantly
increased with increasing values of multiplicity of infection
(MOI). Furthermore, there was a negative association between
parasite density and gametocyte carriage. MOI decreased with
parasite density in gametocyte-negative patients, but increased
in gametocyte carriers. The probability of gametocyte carriage
decreased with Hb level. Finally, the genetic composition of the
infection influenced gametocyte carriage. In particular, the
presence of RO33 increased the odds of developing gametocytes by
2 while the other allelic families K1, MAD20, FC27, and 3D7 had
no significant impact on the occurrence of gametocytes in
infected patients. CONCLUSION: This study provides insight into
potential factors influencing gametocyte production in
symptomatic patients. The findings contribute to enhance
understanding of risk factors associated with gametocyte
carriage in humans. Trial registration NCT01232530.},
note = {PMID: 33413393
PMCID: PMC7791700},
keywords = {Anemia/epidemiology/parasitology, Burkina Faso/epidemiology, Falciparum/epidemiology/parasitology, Gametocyte, Humans, Malaria, msp1, msp2, Multiplicity of infection, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium falciparum/physiology},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
BACKGROUND: Multi-genotype malaria infections are frequent in
endemic area, and people commonly harbour several genetically
distinct Plasmodium falciparum variants. The influence of
genetic multiplicity and whether some specific genetic variants
are more or less likely to invest into gametocyte production is
not clearly understood. This study explored host and
parasite-related risk factors for gametocyte carriage, and the
extent to which some specific P. falciparum genetic variants are
associated with gametocyte carriage. METHODS: Gametocytes and
asexual forms were detected by light microscopy on thick smears
collected between 2010 and 2012 in Nanoro, Burkina Faso.
Merozoite surface protein 1 and 2 were genotyped by nested PCR
on clinical samples. Associations between gametocyte carriage
and factors, including multiplicity of infection, parasite
density, patient age, gender, haemoglobin (Hb) level, and body
temperature were assessed. The relationship between the presence
of a particular msp1 and msp2 genetic variants and gametocyte
carriage was also explored. RESULTS: Of the 724 samples positive
to P. falciparum and successfully genotyped, gametocytes were
found in 48 samples (6.63%). There was no effect of patient
gender, age and body temperature on gametocyte carriage.
However, the probability of gametocyte carriage significantly
increased with increasing values of multiplicity of infection
(MOI). Furthermore, there was a negative association between
parasite density and gametocyte carriage. MOI decreased with
parasite density in gametocyte-negative patients, but increased
in gametocyte carriers. The probability of gametocyte carriage
decreased with Hb level. Finally, the genetic composition of the
infection influenced gametocyte carriage. In particular, the
presence of RO33 increased the odds of developing gametocytes by
2 while the other allelic families K1, MAD20, FC27, and 3D7 had
no significant impact on the occurrence of gametocytes in
infected patients. CONCLUSION: This study provides insight into
potential factors influencing gametocyte production in
symptomatic patients. The findings contribute to enhance
understanding of risk factors associated with gametocyte
carriage in humans. Trial registration NCT01232530. |
