@article{nokey,

title = {Changing Dietary Habits: The Impact of Urbanization and Rising Socio-Economic Status in Families from Burkina Faso in Sub-Saharan Africa.},

author = {Silene Casari and Monica Di Paola and Elena Banci and Salou Diallo and Luca Scarallo and Sara Renzo and Agnese Gori and Sonia Renzi and Monica Paci and Quirijn Mast and Tal Pecht and Karim Derra and Berenger Kabor\'{e} and Halidou Tinto and Duccio Cavalieri and Paolo Lionetti},

doi = {10.3390/nu14091782},

issn = {2072-6643},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-04-01},

urldate = {2022-04-01},

journal = {Nutrients},

volume = {14},

issue = {9},

abstract = {(1) Background: Sub-Saharan Africa is experiencing the fastest urbanization worldwide. People in rural areas still have a traditional and rural lifestyle, whereas the Westernization of diet and lifestyle is already evident in urban areas. This study describes dietary habits of families in Burkina Faso living at different levels of urbanization. (2) Methods: Data on lifestyle, socio-economic conditions, health status and anthropometry were collected from 30 families living in rural villages, a small town and the capital city. A food frequency questionnaire and a 24 h recall diary were used to estimate dietary habits and macronutrients intake. (3) Results: The urban cohort showed a more diversified diet, with a higher intake of animal protein and, especially in children, a higher consumption of simple sugars. Fiber intake was significantly higher in the rural and semi-urbanized cohorts. As expected, overweight and obesity gradually increased with the level of urbanization. In semi-urbanized and urban families, we observed coexistence of under- and over-nutrition, whereas in rural families, a portion of children were wasted and stunted, and adults were underweight. (4) Conclusions: These three cohorts represent a model of the effect on diet of rural-to-urban migration. Rural diet and traditional habits are replaced by a Western-oriented diet when families move to urbanized areas. This dietary transition and increased socio-economic status in newly developing urban areas have a major impact on disease epidemiology, resembling the past evolution in Western countries.},

keywords = {*Economic Status, *Urbanization, Burkina Faso, Burkina Faso/epidemiology, Feeding Behavior, fiber intake, Humans, rural diet, Rural Population, sub-Saharan Africa, Urban Population, urbanization, Western diet},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Lompo2021-sk,

title = {Pathogens associated with acute diarrhea, and comorbidity with  malaria among children under five years old in rural Burkina  Faso},

author = {Palpouguini Lompo and Marc Christian Tahita and Hermann Sorgho and William Kabor\'{e} and Adama Kazienga and Ashmed Cheick Bachirou Nana and Hamtandi Magloire Natama and Isidore Juste Ouindgueta Bonkoungou and Nicolas Barro and Halidou Tinto},

doi = {10.11604/pamj.2021.38.259.15864},

issn = {1937-8688},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-03-01},

urldate = {2021-03-01},

journal = {Pan Afr. Med. J.},

volume = {38},

pages = {259},

publisher = {Pan African Medical Journal},

abstract = {INTRODUCTION: acute diarrhea in children under five years is a public health problem in developing countries and particularly in malaria-endemic areas where both  diseases co-exist. The present study examined the etiology of childhood diarrhea and  its comorbidity with malaria in a rural area of Burkina Faso. 

METHODS: conventional  culture techniques, direct stools examination, and viruses´ detection by rapid tests  were performed on the fresh stools and microscopy was used to diagnose malaria. Some  risk factors were also assessed. RESULTS: on a total of 191 samples collected, at  least one pathogen was identified in 89 cases (46.6%). The proportions of pathogens  found on the 89 positive stool samples were parasites 51.69% (46 cases), viruses  39.33% (35 cases), and bacteria 14.61% (13 cases), respectively. The relationship  between malaria and infectious diarrhea was significant in viral and parasites  causes (p=0.005 and 0.043 respectively). Fever, vomiting and abdominal pain were the  major symptoms associated with diarrhea, with 71.51%, 31.72% and 23.66%  respectively. The highest viral diarrhea prevalence was reported during the dry  season (OR=5.29, 95% CI: 1.74 - 16.07, p=0.001) while parasite diarrhea was more  encountered during the rainy season (OR=0.41, 95% CI: 0.33 - 0.87, p=0.011).  CONCLUSION: Giardia spp and rotavirus were the leading cause of acute diarrhea in  Nanoro, Burkina Faso with a predominance of rotavirus in children less than 2 years.  Parasite and viral diarrhea were the most pathogens associated with malaria.  However, the high rate of negative stool samples suggests the need to determine  other enteric microorganisms.},

note = {Copyright: Palpouguini Lompo et al.

PMID: 34104307 

PMCID: PMC8164431},

keywords = {Abdominal Pain/epidemiology, Acute Disease, bacteria, Burkina Faso, Burkina Faso/epidemiology, Child, Comorbidity, Diarrhea, Diarrhea/epidemiology/microbiology, Female, Fever/epidemiology, Giardiasis/epidemiology, Humans, Infant, infectious, Malaria, Malaria/epidemiology, Male, parasite, pathogens, Preschool, Prevalence, Risk Factors, rotavirus, Rotavirus Infections/epidemiology, Rural Population, Seasons, Vomiting/epidemiology},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}