Publications

@article{Mansoor2022,

title = {Haematological consequences of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria: a WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network pooled analysis of individual patient data},

author = {Rashid Mansoor and Robert J. Commons and Nicholas M. Douglas and Benjamin Abuaku and Jane Achan and Ishag Adam and George O. Adjei and Martin Adjuik and Bereket H. Alemayehu and Richard Allan and Elizabeth N. Allen and Anupkumar R. Anvikar and Emmanuel Arinaitwe and Elizabeth A. Ashley and Hazel Ashurst and Puji B. S. Asih and Nathan Bakyaita and Hubert Barennes and Karen I. Barnes and Leonardo Basco and Quique Bassat and Elisabeth Baudin and David J Bell and Delia Bethell and Anders Bjorkman and Caroline Boulton and Teun Bousema and Philippe Brasseur and Hasifa Bukirwa and Rebekah Burrow and Verena I. Carrara and Michel Cot and Umberto D’Alessandro and Debashish Das and Sabyasachi Das and Timothy M. E. Davis and Meghna Desai and Abdoulaye A. Djimde and Arjen M. Dondorp and Grant Dorsey and Chris J. Drakeley and Stephan Duparc and Emmanuelle Espi\'{e} and Jean-Francois Etard and Catherine Falade and Jean Francois Faucher and Scott Filler and Carole Fogg and Mark Fukuda and Oumar Gaye and Blaise Genton and Awab Ghulam Rahim and Julius Gilayeneh and Raquel Gonzalez and Rebecca F. Grais and Francesco Grandesso and Brian Greenwood and Anastasia Grivoyannis and Christoph Hatz and Eva Maria Hodel and Georgina S. Humphreys and Jimee Hwang and Deus Ishengoma and Elizabeth Juma and S. Patrick Kachur and Piet A. Kager and Erasmus Kamugisha and Moses R. Kamya and Corine Karema and Kassoum Kayentao and Adama Kazienga and Jean-Ren\'{e} Kiechel and Poul-Erik Kofoed and Kwadwo Koram and Peter G. Kremsner and David G. Lalloo and Moses Laman and Sue J. Lee and Bertrand Lell and Amelia W. Maiga and Andreas Mr{a}rtensson and Mayfong Mayxay and Wilfred Mbacham and Rose McGready and Herv\'{e} Menan and Didier M\'{e}nard and Frank Mockenhaupt and Brioni R. Moore and Olaf M\"{u}ller and Alain Nahum and Jean-Louis Ndiaye and Paul N. Newton and Billy E. Ngasala and Frederic Nikiema and Akindeh M. Nji and Harald Noedl and Francois Nosten and Bernhards R. Ogutu and Olusola Ojurongbe and Lyda Osorio and Jean-Bosco Ou\'{e}draogo and Seth Owusu-Agyei and Anil Pareek and Louis K. Penali and Patrice Piola and Mateusz Plucinski and Zul Premji and Michael Ramharter and Caitlin L. Richmond and Lars Rombo and Cally Roper and Philip J. Rosenthal and Sam Salman and Albert Same-Ekobo and Carol Sibley and Sodiomon B. Sirima and Frank M. Smithuis and Fabrice A. Som\'{e} and Sarah G. Staedke and Peter Starzengruber and Nathalie Strub-Wourgaft and Inge Sutanto and Todd D. Swarthout and Din Syafruddin and Ambrose O. Talisuna and Walter R. Taylor and Emmanuel A. Temu and Julie I. Thwing and Halidou Tinto and Emiliana Tjitra and Offianan A. Tour\'{e} and T. Hien Tran and Johan Ursing and Innocent Valea and Giovanni Valentini and Michele Vugt and Lorenz Seidlein and Stephen A. Ward and Vincent Were and Nicholas J. White and Charles J. Woodrow and William Yavo and Adoke Yeka and Issaka Zongo and Julie A. Simpson and Philippe J. Guerin and Kasia Stepniewska and Ric N. Price},

url = {https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12916-022-02265-9},

doi = {10.1186/s12916-022-02265-9},

issn = {1741-7015},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-01-01},

urldate = {2022-01-01},

journal = {BMC Medicine},

volume = {20},

issue = {1},

pages = {85},

abstract = {BACKGROUND Plasmodium falciparum malaria is associated with anaemia-related morbidity, attributable to host, parasite and drug factors. We quantified the haematological response following treatment of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria to identify the factors associated with malarial anaemia. METHODS Individual patient data from eligible antimalarial efficacy studies of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria, available through the WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network data repository prior to August 2015, were pooled using standardised methodology. The haematological response over time was quantified using a multivariable linear mixed effects model with nonlinear terms for time, and the model was then used to estimate the mean haemoglobin at day of nadir and day 7. Multivariable logistic regression quantified risk factors for moderately severe anaemia (haemoglobin \< 7 g/dL) at day 0, day 3 and day 7 as well as a fractional fall ≥ 25% at day 3 and day 7. RESULTS A total of 70,226 patients, recruited into 200 studies between 1991 and 2013, were included in the analysis: 50,859 (72.4%) enrolled in Africa, 18,451 (26.3%) in Asia and 916 (1.3%) in South America. The median haemoglobin concentration at presentation was 9.9 g/dL (range 5.0-19.7 g/dL) in Africa, 11.6 g/dL (range 5.0-20.0 g/dL) in Asia and 12.3 g/dL (range 6.9-17.9 g/dL) in South America. Moderately severe anaemia (Hb \< 7g/dl) was present in 8.4% (4284/50,859) of patients from Africa, 3.3% (606/18,451) from Asia and 0.1% (1/916) from South America. The nadir haemoglobin occurred on day 2 post treatment with a mean fall from baseline of 0.57 g/dL in Africa and 1.13 g/dL in Asia. Independent risk factors for moderately severe anaemia on day 7, in both Africa and Asia, included moderately severe anaemia at baseline (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 16.10 and AOR = 23.00, respectively), young age (age \< 1 compared to ≥ 12 years AOR = 12.81 and AOR = 6.79, respectively), high parasitaemia (AOR = 1.78 and AOR = 1.58, respectively) and delayed parasite clearance (AOR = 2.44 and AOR = 2.59, respectively). In Asia, patients treated with an artemisinin-based regimen were at significantly greater risk of moderately severe anaemia on day 7 compared to those treated with a non-artemisinin-based regimen (AOR = 2.06 [95%CI 1.39-3.05], p \< 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In patients with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria, the nadir haemoglobin occurs 2 days after starting treatment. Although artemisinin-based treatments increase the rate of parasite clearance, in Asia they are associated with a greater risk of anaemia during recovery.},

keywords = {Antimalarials, Artemisinin-based therapy, Haemoglobin, Non-artemisinin-based therapy, Plasmodium falciparum, Pooled analysis of individual patient data, Severe anaemia},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Starck2021-mb,

title = {The effect of malaria on haemoglobin concentrations: a  nationally representative household fixed-effects study of  17,599 children under 5 years of age in Burkina Faso},

author = {Tim Starck and Caroline A Bulstra and Halidou Tinto and Toussaint Rouamba and Ali Sie and Thomas Jaenisch and Till B\"{a}rnighausen},

doi = {10.1186/s12936-021-03948-z},

issn = {1475-2875},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-10-23},

urldate = {2021-10-23},

journal = {Malar. J.},

volume = {20},

number = {1},

pages = {416},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although the association between malaria and anaemia 

 is widely studied in patient cohorts, the 

 population-representative causal effects of malaria on anaemia 

 remain unknown. This study estimated the malaria-induced 

 decrease in haemoglobin levels among young children in 

 malaria-endemic Burkina Faso. METHODS: The study was based on 

 pooled individual-level nationally representative health survey 

 data (2010-2011, 2014, 2017-2018) from 17 599 children under 5 

 years of age. This data was used to estimate the effects of 

 malaria on haemoglobin concentration, controlling for household 

 fixed-effects, age, and sex in a series of regression analyses. 

 The fixed-effects controlled for observed and unobserved 

 confounding on the household level and allowed to determine the 

 impact of malaria infection status on haemoglobin levels and 

 anaemia prevalence. Furthermore, the diagnostic results from 

 microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests were leveraged to provide 

 a quasi-longitudinal perspective of acute and prolonged effects 

 after malaria infection. RESULTS: The prevalence of both malaria 

 (survey prevalence ranging from 17.4% to 65.2%) and anaemia 

 (survey prevalence ranging from 74% to 88.2%) was very high in 

 the included surveys. Malaria was estimated to significantly 

 reduce haemoglobin levels, with an overall effect of - 7.5 g/dL 

 (95% CI - 8.5, - 6.5). Acute malaria resulted in a - 7.7 g/dL 

 (95% CI - 8.8, - 6.6) decrease in haemoglobin levels. Recent 

 malaria without current parasitaemia decreased haemoglobin 

 concentration by - 7.1 g/dL (95% CI - 8.3, - 5.9). The 

 in-sample predicted prevalence of severe anaemia was 9.4% among 

 malaria positives, but only 2.2% among children without 

 malaria. CONCLUSION: Malaria infection has a strong detrimental 

 effect on haemoglobin levels among young children in Burkina 

 Faso. This effect seems to carry over even after acute 

 infection, indicating prolonged haemoglobin reductions even 

 after successful parasite-elimination. The quasi-experimental 

 fixed-effect approach adds a population level perspective to 

 existing clinical evidence.},

note = {© 2021. The Author(s).

PMID: 34688294 

PMCID: PMC8542337},

keywords = {Anaemia, Burkina Faso, Haemoglobin, Household fixed-effects, Malaria, Microscopy, Rapid diagnostic tests},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Rouamba2021-gn,

title = {Asymptomatic malaria and anaemia among pregnant women during  high and low malaria transmission seasons in Burkina Faso:  household-based cross-sectional surveys in Burkina Faso, 2013  and 2017},

author = {Toussaint Rouamba and S\'{e}kou Samadoulougou and Mady Ou\'{e}draogo and Herv\'{e} Hien and Halidou Tinto and Fati Kirakoya-Samadoulougou},

doi = {10.1186/s12936-021-03703-4},

issn = {1475-2875},

year  = {2021},

date = {2021-05-01},

urldate = {2021-05-01},

journal = {Malar. J.},

volume = {20},

number = {1},

pages = {211},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Malaria in endemic countries is often asymptomatic 

 during pregnancy, but it has substantial consequences for both 

 the mother and her unborn baby. During pregnancy, anaemia is an 

 important consequence of malaria infection. In Burkina Faso, the 

 intensity of malaria varies according to the season, albeit the 

 prevalence of malaria and anaemia as well as their risk factors, 

 during high and low malaria transmission seasons is 

 underexplored at the household level. METHODS: Data of 1751 

 pregnant women from October 2013 to March 2014 and 1931 pregnant 

 women from April 2017 to June 2017 were drawn from two 

 cross-sectional household surveys conducted in 24 health 

 districts of Burkina Faso. Pregnant women were tested for 

 malaria in their household after consenting. Asymptomatic 

 carriage was defined as a positive result from malaria rapid 

 diagnostic tests in the absence of clinical symptoms of malaria. 

 Anaemia was defined as haemoglobin level less than 11 g/dL in 

 the first and third trimester and less than 10.5 g/dL in the 

 second trimester of pregnancy. RESULTS: Prevalence of 

 asymptomatic malaria in pregnancy was estimated at 23.9% (95% 

 CI 20.2-28.0) during the high transmission season 

 (October-November) in 2013. During the low transmission season, 

 it was 12.7% (95% CI 10.9-14.7) between December and March in 

 2013-2014 and halved (6.4%; 95% CI 5.3-7.6) between April and 

 June 2017. Anaemia prevalence was estimated at 59.4% (95% CI 

 54.8-63.8) during the high transmission season in 2013. During 

 the low transmission season, it was 50.6% (95% CI 47.7-53.4) 

 between December and March 2013-2014 and 65.0% (95% CI 

 62.8-67.2) between April and June, 2017. CONCLUSION: This study 

 revealed that the prevalence of malaria asymptomatic carriage 

 and anaemia among pregnant women at the community level remain 

 high throughout the year. Thus, more efforts are needed to 

 increase prevention measures such as IPTp-SP coverage in order 

 to reduce anaemia and contribute to preventing low birth weight 

 and poor pregnancy outcomes.},

keywords = {Adult, Anemia/epidemiology/parasitology, Asymptomatic carriage, Asymptomatic Infections/epidemiology, Burkina Faso/epidemiology, Community, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Haemoglobin, Humans, Malaria/epidemiology/parasitology, Parasitic/epidemiology/parasitology, Plasmodium, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Pregnant, Pregnant Women, Prevalence, Young Adult},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}